The label will release the Lagos-born artist's fifth studio album in June.
Former NFL player Curtis "Boonah" Brinkley and Def Jam's director of A&R Shana Sherman co-founded the full-service entertainment company to grow and empower rising artists.
Under the partnership, Khaled will serve as global creative consultant to Def Jam and UMG.
"These songs are all tied to emotions in a way I’ve never seen done before in a film," says Def Jam chief creative officer Archie Davis.
Both companies have released statements taking a stand against antisemitism following the rapper's recent remarks.